基于CD4046构成的PLL及应用

CD4046构成的PLL在通信、频率处理、自动控制等技术领域中应用较为广泛，正确理解CD4046对掌握电路基本组成、原理及应用。对处理实际工程问题有很大帮助。     

孔板倒角对平衡型低温流量计工作性能影响的数值分析

平衡型低温流量计可用于低温推进剂的加注、分配、输送等环节,其孔板结构特征是影响流量计性能的关键因素。为了研究孔板倒角对平衡型低温流量计流出系数、压力损失系数和稳定性的影响,建立了基于Mixture多相流模型、Schnerr-Sauer空化模型和Realizable k-ε湍流模型的CFD数值模型,并结合文献中的水翼空化实验和多孔板流动实验的结果验证了模型的可靠性。模拟计算结果显示,开设前倒角会增大多孔板的流出系数,减小压力损失系数,但会增大流量计测量时的不稳定性;在一定的计算工况下,45°的前倒角使流出系数由0.674增大到0.907,适当开设前倒角可以有效提高流量计的工作性能。而开设后倒角对流量计性能的影响较小。用于流体流量的双向测量时,可对多孔板的前后端均开设45°的倒角。     

Evaluation of pressure oscillations by a laboratory motor

Aeroacoustic pressure oscillation is one of the important challenges in segmented solid rocket motors with high slenderness ratio. The reason for these oscillations can be searched in vortex shedding due to grain burning surfaces, holes and slots. In this paper, a novel sub-scaled motor was used for evaluation of aeroacoustic pressure oscillations. First, the related parameters to scale down using Buckingham’s Pi-theorem were determined and then the sub-scaled motor was designed and manufactured. After this, Strouhal number in various grain forms and vortex shedding prediction criteria have been discussed. Then, one-dimensional linear and non-linear solution approaches have been presented. To understand the motor internal flow and vortex shedding formation, steady state computational fluid dynamic performed for seven regression steps and finally, two static tests have been performed. Results show that various definitions for Strouhal number are useful only for primarily glance on vortex shedding and pressure oscillations and so CFD solution and the test program are inevitable for a correct understanding of the ballistic operational condition of the motor. Experimental results demonstrated the existence of such oscillations with frequencies nearly equal to axial modes. It seems that non-linear parameters have small effects on aeroacoustic pressure oscillation and therefore the linear solution is acceptable to obtain approximate data. Of course, it should be emphasized that linear solution represents oscillations on overall motor action time, whereas the output of non-linear solution depends on thermochemistry properties of solid propellant and combustion products. Therefore, with a non-linear solution, oscillations maybe occur in some intervals of action time. FFT (Fast Fourier Transformation) results demonstrated that although both first and second acoustic modes have been excited, the position of longitudinal oscillation has an important role on which one is dominant.     

预冷对发动机进气道流动特性影响的数值模拟研究

为了研究预冷对协同吸气式火箭发动机(Synergetic Air-Breathing Rocket Engine,SABRE)进气道流场性能的影响,以各工况临界状态下无预冷的SABRE发动机进气道为对象,结合多孔介质耦合源项法开展了预冷效应对进气道流动特性影响的数值仿真研究。对比了预冷前后进气道流场及气动性能的变化。研究表明,多孔介质耦合源项法预冷可以较好地模拟预冷器的冷却效应及压降效应,预冷后结尾激波较预冷前向前移动了一段距离,各工况涡轮通道出口总温降低了48%～77%,其中Ma2～4时总温降低到了210K左右;来流空气经预冷后涡轮通道出口马赫数降低,流量系数也随之降低;进气道总压恢复系数呈减小趋势,低速工况总压恢复系数较好,预冷前后两通道总压恢复系数变化不大,涡轮通道流量系数较预冷前降低了约15%。     

挤压式供应系统气瓶压力仿真

以挤压式液体火箭发动机为研究对象,对发动机推进剂供应系统工作过程进行了理论分析,利用AMESim软件建立了仿真平台,计算了发动机工作过程气瓶压力。将仿真计算结果与试车数据进行对比,结果表明仿真计算结果与试车数据一致性较好,验证了仿真模型建模思路的正确性,为气瓶压力计算提供了一种方法。     

离心叶轮流场对进口压力脉冲的响应分析

为研究离心叶轮流场对进口压力脉冲的响应特性,根据推导出的相对坐标系下HLLC通量算式,自行开发了基于多块结构化网格的叶片机流场分析程序。首先对跨声Krain叶轮和亚声径向叶轮展开算例考核,程序计算的性能曲线和叶表压力数据与试验和商业软件的结果吻合较好,且具有较商业软件更快的计算速度。之后以径向叶轮为对象,数值求解其内流场对进口压力脉冲的响应,对结果的分析表明:脉冲越尖,上下游流场变化越不同步,导致出口流量和气动力矩峰值时刻的延迟,流场压力的时空分布找不到时间对称轴。叶片载荷的空间分布特征不因脉冲宽窄和时间推进而改变,脉冲越宽,流场受扰变化时间越长,载荷峰值就越偏离稳态值。流场密度的变化值在不同时刻的空间分布是近似的。      

几种摇臂与联动环连接结构对比分析

为了改善航空发动机整体性能和可靠性,以航空发动机从地面起动到巡航过程为研究对象,采用热-固耦合分析方法,对涡轮转子叶尖径向运行间隙(BTRRC,Blade-tip Radial Running Clearance)进行动态分析.在分析中考虑了材料属性的非线性和温度载荷、离心载荷的动态性,分别对涡轮的叶片、盘和机匣的变形进行计算和分析,得到了涡轮叶尖径向运行间隙的变化规律,以及BTRRC最小点(可选择t=180 s)和最小值(约0.18 mm),为进行进一步涡轮叶尖径向运行间隙的动态概率分析和动态优化设计奠定了基础.     

Influence of residual stresses on failure pressure of cylindrical pressure vessels

The utilization of pressure vessels in aerospace applications is manifold.In this work,fnite element analysis（FEA）has been carried out using ANSYS software package with 2D axisymmetric model to access the failure pressure of cylindrical pressure vessel made of ASTM A36 carbon steel having weld-induced residual stresses.To fnd out the effect of residual stresses on failure pressure,frst an elasto-plastic analysis is performed to fnd out the failure pressure of pressure vessel not having residual stresses.Then a thermo-mechanical fnite element analysis is performed to assess the residual stresses developed in the pressure vessel during welding.Finally one more elasto-plastic analysis is performed to assess the effect of residual stresses on failure pressure of the pressure vessel having residual stresses.This analysis indicates reduction in the failure pressure due to unfavorable residual stresses.     

航空产品用压敏胶粘带的性能与质量检测

粘接技术为航空工业的发展做出了巨大贡献。作为使用最为广泛的胶粘产品,压敏胶粘带更是功不可没。针对航空产品的生产装配特点,本文简述了压敏胶粘带的性能、表征及测试方法,为航空产品生产装配人员正确、合理地选用压敏胶粘带提供参考。     

三种新型真空容器大门运行机构的设计

真空容器大门运行机构根据大门类型、尺寸、使用场地情况及用户的不同要求选择不同的结构形式。近年来我们公司为了不断满足市场的需求,组织专门力量开发了各种新型大门运行机构,取得了非常好的效果。文章介绍了3种真空容器大门运行机构的工作原理、设计思路以及结构组成,可供真空容器设计者参考借鉴。